Self-Employment In UK In 2014

In 2014 there were 4.6m self-employed people in the UK accounting for 15% of people in work. It is highest percentage it has been at any point in the last 40 years. There were also 356,000 employees who had a second job in which they were self-employed.

The rise in total employment since 2008 has been among the self-employed. It is largely due to fewer people leaving self-employment than in the past. Self-employed people tend to be older than employees. Self-employment among the over 65s has more than doubled in the past 5 years to reach nearly half a million.

Average median income from self-employment has fallen by 22% since 2008-9. In 2012-13 average median income from self-employment was £207 according to the Family Resource Survey. It should be noted that household surveys tend to underestimate income from self-employment. Income figures also include individuals who made a loss whereas employed people do not get paid a negative figure. Self-employed people do not get the same benefits as employed people in terms of sick pay, paid leave or maternity pay.

London had the highest concentration of self-employed people at 17.3% followed by the south west on 16.6% and the south east at 15.8%. The north east had the lowest concentration at 10.8%.

Across Europe the country with the highest rate of self-employment was Greece with 32%. Italy came next with 23.6% and Romania with 20.4%. The high figure for Greece is partly because of the high proportion of people self-employed in agriculture and the effects of tourism. The lowest rates were in Luxembourg with 8.1%, Denmark with 9% and Estonia with 9.4%. The EU average self-employment rate was 15.2% very close to the 15% in the UK. The UK has seen the third largest percentage rise in self-employment since 2009 at 19% behind Slovenia at 23% and Estonia at 20%. These countries are small in comparison and the average percentage change in the EU as a whole was -0.1%.

Healthy Life Years To Go

Healthy life years measure the number of years a person can expect to live in a generally healthy condition. At birth, in 2011, men and women in the EU27 could expect to live to 62 years. At 50 people could expect to live another 18 years and at 65 people in Europe culd expect another 9 healthy years of life.

A healthy condition is defined as the absence of limitations to functioning/disability. It is measured by a self-perceived questionnaire asking for the extent of any limitations lasting for over 6 months and caused by a health problem. The indicator of healthy life years measures the number of years a person can expect to live without any serious health problems. It means the respondenets can carry on their usual activities.

At birth, men and women in Sweden and Malta can expect to live to over 70 years. The lowest numbers of healthy life years were 52 in Slovakia and 54 in Slovenia for both men and women. At 50 both women and men were expected to have more than another 20 years in Sweden, Malta and Denmark, Luxembourg, Ireland and the UK. The lowest was Slovakia with 10 years for both men and women. At 65, highest healthy life years were in Sweden with an additional 15 years for women and 14 for men and the lowest Was Slovakia with 3 and 4 years respectively.

Increases In Retail Trade On Europe's High Streets

The volume of retail trade rose by 1.2% in the euro area and by 0.9% in the EU27 in January compared with December according to data from Eurostat. In December trade had fallen by 0.8% and 0.7% respectively. The annual comparison shows that sales fell by 1.3% in the euro area and by 0.9% in the EU27 in January 2013 compared with January 2012.

The monthly comparison shows that the countries with the greatest increases in January were Portugal and Romania with 4.2% with the largest decreases in Denmark (-2%), Malta (1.6%) and Finland (-1.2%). The annual comparison shows that the largest increases were in Belgium (8.4%) and Luxembourg (7.1%) and the biggest decreases were in Slovenia (-7.6%), Bulgaria (-5.5%) and Portugal (-3.9%).

More Waste Being Recycled

The EU27 generated 503kg of municipal waste per person in 2011 and 486kg of waste per person was treated in one way or another. Municipal waste means the large quantities of waste generated by households, but may also include the waste generated by small businesses and public institutions collected by the municipal authority. Waste is treated in different ways: landfill (into or onto land), incineration ( at incinerations plants), recycling (reprocessing into other products except fuel) and composting (biological treatment of biodegradable matter into another product). In 2011 37% was landfilled, 23% was incinerated, 25% was recycled and 15% was composted. This compares with 2001 figures of 56% landfilled, 17% incinerated, 17% recycled and 10% composted.

The amount of municipal waste generated varies significantly across European countries. The average for the EU27 was 503kg per person. Denmark generated the highest amount of waste with 718kg per person in 2911. Luxembourg, Cyprus and Ireland generated between 600 and 700kg per peron. Hungary, Bulgaria, Romania, Latvia, Slovakia, the Czech Republic, Poland and Estonia generated less than 400kg per person.

Romania was the country with the highest percentage of landfill treatment with 99%. The highest percentage for incineration was in Denmark with 54% of municipal waste being treated in that way. Germany came top for recycling with 45%. Austria with 34% had the highest rate for composting.

The UK sends 49% of its municipal waste to landfill, 12% is incinerated, 25% is recycled and 14% is composted. The EU27 averages are 37%, 23%, 25% and 15% respectively.

Industrial Prices Fall In December But Increase Over The Year

The industrial producer price index published by Eurostat fell by 0.2% in both the euro area and the EU27 in December compared with November 2012. The index increased 2.1% in the euro area and 1.9% in the EU27 using the annual comparison for December. The average industrial producer price index for the whole of 2012 compared with 2011 increased by 2.6% in the euro area and 2.7% in the EU27.

Total industry prices excluding energy were stable in both zones in December. Capital goods and intermediate goods remained stable. Durable consumer goods decreased by 0.1% in both zones and non-durable goods increased by 0.1% in both zones.

Prices fell in most Member States for which data was available except Belgium and Sweden (+1.2%) and Finland (+0.2%). Bulgaria, Denmark, Cyprus and Austria recorded the largest decreases over the month. Over the year, total industry prices, excluding energy, increased by 1.6% in both zones.

Europe Increased Production In August

Industrial production in Europe increased by 0.6% in the euro area and 0.3% in the EU27 in August compared with July according to a statistical bulletin from Eurostat. When comparing August 2012 with August 2011 industrial production fell by 2.9% in the euro area and 1.8% in the EU27. The highest increases were in Portugal (6.8%), Lithuania (4.6%), Slovenia (4%) and Greece (2.5%). The largest decreases were in Czech Republic (-2.9%), Denmark (-2.8% and Romania and Finland (both -1.1%).

Producer Prices Up Across Europe

Industrial producer prices (IPP) rose across Europe in August in both zones. In the euro area the IPP rose by 0.9% and in the EU27 by 1%. Both zones increased by 0.3% in July. Compared with 2011 the IPP increased by 2.7% in both zones. The main differences were in the energy sector with a 2.4% and 3.2% increase in the euro area and the EU27 respectively and in intermediate goods with increases of 0.5% in the euro area and 0.4% in the EU27. The highest increases in producer prices were to be found in Denmark (2.9%), the UK (1.8%) and Finland (1.7%). The lowest increases wwere found in Slovenia (0.1%) and Latvia (0.3%).

Production In Europe Increased In April

Indicators from Eurostat tell us that in April 2010 industrial production in the euro area was up by 0.8% and by 0.5% in the EU27 compared with March 2010. Other monthly comparisons include the production of capital goods which increased by 1.1% in the euro area and 0.7% in the EU27. Durable consumer goods fell by 0.1% in the euro area but increased by 0.4% in the EU27. Non-durables fell by 1.2% and 1.6%. Intermediate goods grew by 2.2% and 2.7% respectively but energy fell by 0.9% and 0.2%. Industrial production rose in 12 and fell in 9 of the countries for which data is available. The highest increases were in Lithuania with 6%, Estonia 2.4% and Denmark with 2.2%. Ireland registered the biggest decrease with 10.9%, Portugal's production fell by 4.4% and Greece by 3.4%.

Annual comparisons suggest that in April 2010 compared with April 2009 industrial production increased by 9.5% in the euro area and 7.8% in the EU27. Intermediate goods made the biggest contribution with growth of 16% in the euro area and 14.1% in the EU27. Capital goods increased by 8.9% in the euro area and 7.9% in the EU27. Energy production rose by 6.9% and 5% respectively. Production of non-durable consumer goods went up by 3% in the euro area and 1.1% in the EU27 and of durables by 1.4% and 4.1% respectively. On a national level industrial production rose in 18 of the member states for which data is available. The highest increases were in Estonia (18.3%), the Netherlands (14.7%) and Germany (13.9%). The only states in which industrial production fell were Greece (-6.4%), Ireland (-2.8%) and Bulgaria (-2.6%).

Retail Volumes Fall By 1.2% In Europe

The volume of retail trade in both the euro area and the EU27 decreased by 1.2% in April 2010 compared with March 2010. The retail sales index for April 2010 compared with April 2009 was 1.5% in the euro area and 1.6% in the EU27.

The food sector in the euro area fell by 1.1% and 1.4% in the EU27 over the month to April 2010 and the non-food sector by 1.1% and 1.2% respectively. Total retail trade fell in 14 countries and rose in 5 given the data available. The biggest falls were in Poland -8.7%, Denmark -8.6%, Slovakia -3.6% and Spain -2.1%. The highest risers were Belgium with 1.8% and Germany with 1%.

Over the last year from April 2009 to April 2010 the food sector fell by 1.8% in the euro area and 2.7% in the EU27 and non-food fell by 1.1% in the euro area but rose slightly by 0.1% in the EU27. Given the national data available, among the member states, the index fell in 15 countries and rose in 4. Bulgaria and Lithuania both fell 11.7%, Denmark -8.3% and Latvia fell 7.7%. Malta's index rose by 8.7% and Belgium's by 0.7%. Statistics from Eurostat.