Gross domestic expenditure on research and development increased by 3% in 2008 to £25.6bn from £24.9bn in 2007. In real terms it is about the same. R & D expenditure in 2008 amounted to about 1.79% of GDP which was a small increase on the 1.76% of 2007.
The main performers carrying out R & D in the UK in 2008 were business enterprise up 2% on 2007 to £15.9bn, higher education up 4% to £6.8bn, Government up 4% to £1.3bn research councils up 1% to £1bn and private non-profit organisations up 8% to £0.6bn.
Business enterprise was also main provider of funds with a total of £11.6bn amounting to 45% of all R & D, £2.3bn of which went abroad. The Government provided 31% of funding of all R & D. The figure includes higher education and research councils.
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